Bring a large pot of water to a boil and add 1 tablespoon salt. Add the pasta and kasha and cook until the pasta is al dente and the kasha is just tender, 10 to 12 minutes. Reserve 1 cup of the cooking water, drain, and return the pasta and kasha to the pot.

Meanwhile, heat the oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the onions and cook, stirring occasionally, until golden, 12 to 15 minutes. Add the mushrooms and cook, stirring occasionally, until tender, 8 to 10 minutes.

Add the mushroom mixture to the drained pasta and kasha. Stir in the parsley, butter, reserved pasta water, 1/2 teaspoon salt, and 1/4 teaspoon pepper.

Note: This is a classic Eastern European Jewish dish called kasha varnishkes.